The Use of the SWAT Model in the Simulation and Analysis of Hydrological Uncertainty Analysis

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

• Niloofar Rasoolzadeh darzi ¹
• Hassan Ahmadi ²
• Abolfazl Moeini ³
• Baharak Motamedvaziri ³

¹ Department of Forest, Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

² Department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

³ Department of Forest, Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

10.22067/geoeh.2022.74253.1144

Abstract

The SWAT model is a soil and water assessment tool recommended to improve watershed management. The cycle used in the SWAT model is quite similar to the hydrological cycle in nature. This tool supports effective watershed management and informed decision-making for better development. In the present study, the analysis aims to evaluate the efficiency of the semi-distributed-physical SWAT model in simulating daily and monthly runoff, optimizing the parameters affecting rainfall-runoff, and analyzing the hydrological uncertainty of the Kasilian watershed. In this research, SWAT-CUP software and SUFI-2 and PARASOL methods were used to simulate and analyze the uncertainty and calibration of the model. In the runoff calibration and validation stage, coefficients of R2, bR2, and NS between the observed and simulated data were used for validation. In general, the accuracy of the simulation in the monthly period is higher than that of the daily period. Also, in the daily period during calibration and validation, the accuracy of PARASOL is higher than SUFI2; however, in the monthly period, the accuracy of SUFI2 is higher in calibration and validation. In general, however, more repetitions are needed to get more accurate results. Overall, according to the results of model evaluation during the calibration and validation periods with statistical indicators R2, bR2, MSE, RMSE, and efficiency coefficient ENS, the model was proved to be successful in simulation. That is, it would simulate the hydrological processes of the basin with relatively good accuracy appeared. Finally, this model can be used to further analyze the basin and related sub-basins and study the various components of the hydrological cycle.

Graphical Abstract

20.1001.1.23221682.1401.11.2.5.9

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