Evaluation of the environmental effects of the irrigation and drainage network of the main channel of Khoda Afarin city (East Azarbaijan Province)

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

• Ali Khodaie ¹
• Rahman Zandi ²

¹ Master of Environmental Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.

² Associate Professor of GIS & RS, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.

10.22067/geoeh.2024.86908.1467

Abstract

Development projects with their positive effects always have potential direct and indirect negative effects on the human and natural environment, and if the negative effects are not thought of in advance and are not strengthened in terms of positive effects, they will have adverse results and consequences. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the biological environment of the irrigation and drainage network of Khodaafrin dam in East Azarbaijan province and Ardabil in Khodaafrin and Parsabad cities. In order to investigate environmental parameters, three physical-pollution, ecological-biological and economic-social and cultural environments were used. Then, using the Icold matrix method, the effect of each of the micro-activities of the project on the environmental factors of the study area was measured in the exploitation phase, separately from the three mentioned environments. The findings showed that the implementation of the plan is preferable to its non-implementation in such a way that the total consequences of the implementation of the plan on the surrounding environment are positive 274 points. Among the consequences of the implementation of the socio-economic and cultural environment plan, it has the most positive effects of 186 points, physical environment and pollution with 46 positive points, and ecological and biological environment with 42 positive points. According to the findings, the implementation of the irrigation and drainage network plan of the main KhodaAfarin canal is justified by complying with the standards. In order to reduce the negative effects on the three environments, it is suggested to consider continuous and stable monitoring and compliance with the correct principles of irrigation during the operation of the project.

Keywords

• Environmental impact assessment
• Irrigation and drainage network
• ICOLD matrix
• Socio-economic consequences
• Northwest Iran
• Khoda Afarin dam

Main Subjects

• Biological hazards

---

References

• Anokhin A, & Izrael Y. A. (2001). Monitoring and Assessment of the Environment in the Lake Baikal Region. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, 3(2), 199-201.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1463-4988(00)00020-8

• Ataei, P., Yagoubi Farani, A., & Iazidi, A. (2018). Evaluation of the Environmental Components of the Construction of Irrigation and Drainage Network in the Direction of Rural Development (Case Study: Irrigation and Drainage Network of Band Fayzabad Fars Province). Journal of Natural Environment, 70(1), 113-137. https://doi.org /10.22059/jne.201127878.953
• Dong, S., Lassoie, J., Shrestha, K.K, Yan, Z., Sharma, E., & Pariya, D. (2009). Institutional Development for Sustainable Rangeland Resource and Ecosystem Management in Mountainous Areas of Northern Nepal. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(2), 994-1003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.03.005
• Emami, K., Pour Mehr, B., & Kabiri Jahanabadi, A. (2009). Solving the Geotechnical Problems of the Main Khodaafrin Water Transfer Channel Using Value Engineering, the Second National Seminar on Geotechnical Problems of Irrigation and Drainage Networks, Karaj. (In Persian)
• Ghanian, M., Taghipour, M., Abdshahi, A., & Forozani, M. (2023). Evaluation of the Environmental Effects of Implementing the Land Reclamation Plan in Khuzestan Province; The Studied Irrigation and Drainage Network of Mianab Shushtar, Scientific Journal of Geography and Planning, 27(84), 95-109. https://doi.org/10.22034/gp.2023.14887
• Gilbuena, J.R, Kawamura, A., Medina, R., Amaguchi, H., Nakagawa, N., & Du Bui, (2013). Environmental Impact Assessment of Structural Flood Mitigation Measures by a Rapid Impact Assessment matrix (RIAM) Technique: A Case Study in Metro Manila, Philippines. Science of the Total Environment, 456, 137-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.063
• Karimi, S., Salehi Moayed, M., & Jafari, H. (2009). A New Method of Utilizing Water Resources in Dry Land Watersheds(Case Study: Marvast Dam-Iran). Journal of Environmental Studies, 34(47), 87-98. (In Persian). https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.10258620.1387.34.47.11.8
• Karimi, S., & Salehi, S. (2015). Investigating the Development of Khodafarin Dam, the Advantages and hSolutions of the Sustainable Development of Khodafarin Dam in Mughan Region, A Case Study: Khodafarin Dam from East Azarbaijan Province to Parsabad of Mughan, the First Conference of Arts and Crafts in Civil Construction, Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz, (In Persian) https://civilica .com/doc/607176.
• Karlson, M., Mörtberg, U., & Balfors, B. (2014). Road Ecology in Environmental Impact Assessment. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 48, 10-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2014.04.002
• Khodabakhshi, B., & Jafari, H. (2011). Application of Fuzzy ELECTRE TRI Method for Determination of Environmental Impact Significance of Water Resource Development Projects (the Case of Ardebil Dam, Drainage and Irrigation Network Project). Environmental Researches, 1(2), 31-42. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.20089597.1389.1.2.4.5
• Komasi, M., & Beiranvand, B. (2019). Environmental Impact Assessment of the Eyvashan Dam Using the Leopold Modified Matrix and Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM). Iranian Journal of Research in Environmental Health. Summer, 5 (2), 133-143. https://doi.org/10.22038/jreh.2019.40232.1302
• Momayez, , & Qassemi, S.A. (2019). Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of South Pars Special Zone (ASSALOOYEH) in Creating a Stable Environment Using the Leopold Matrix. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 10(2), 211-223.  https://doi.org/10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.21
• Mondal, M.K, & Dasgupta, B.V. (2010). EIA of Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Site in Varanasi Using RIAM Analysis. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 54(9), 541-546.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.10.011

• Mousavi, S.H, Sheikh Goudarzi, M., & Kaviani, A. (2012). A Comparison of Modified Leopold Matrix and ICOLD Matrix in the Environmental Impact Assessment of Koor (Nahang) Dam in the Sistan and Baluchistan Province. Journal of Environmental Management and Planning, 2(4), 15-25. (In Persian) https://www.magiran.com/p1147937
• Richmond, L., Kotowicz, D., & Hospital, J. (2015). Monitoring Socio Economic Impacts of Hawai ‘i's 2010 Bigeye Tuna Closure: Complexities of Local Management in a Global Fishery. Ocean and Coastal Management, 106, 87-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2015.01.015
• Richter, B.D, Postel, S., Revenga, C., Scudder, T., Lehner, B., Churchill, A., & Chow, M. (2010). Lost in Development's Shadow: The Downstream Human Consequences of Dams. Water Alternatives, 3(2), 14-42.

https://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol3/v3issue2/80-a3-2-3/file

• Sarbazi, M., Akbari, M. (2019). Evaluation of the Environmental Effects of Dam Construction Using the ICOLD Method. Case study: Golbo Dam, the 4th International Congress of Agricultural Development, Natural Resources, Environment and Tourism of Iran. https://www.iraneiap.ir/article_106935.html
• Thomas, T.T, Sony, D, Kuruvila,  E.C, Lake, P., Thomas, T., Sony, T., Dinil, C., & Kuruvila, E.C. (2017). Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment of Eco-tourism in Pookote Lake, Wayanad. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 14(4), 3149–3154. https://mail.irjet.net/archives/V4/i4/IRJET-V4I4755.pdf
• Vanclay, F. (2017). Principles to Gain a Social Licence to Operate for Green Initiatives and Biodiversity Projects. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 29, 48-56.‏

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2017.11.003

• Water Power Consulting Engineers (2014). Project of the main and sub-irrigation and drainage network of the main Khodaafrin canal, second stage studies. [In Persian] https://tavanab.com
• Zoratipour, ,  Hooshmand, A., & Cheraghi, M. )2022(. Environmental Impact Assessment of Irrigation and Drainage Network Using the Conventional and Modified ICOLD Matrix Methods. Environment and Water Engineering, 8(2), 317-332.

https://doi.org/10.22034/jewe.2021.299672.1611