Investigating the Relationship between Karst Landforms and Tectonic Structures in the Tamtaman Nazlo Chai Area, Northwest of Urmia

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

• Reza AbbasianValandar ¹
• Shahram Roostaei ²
• Davood Mokhtari ²

¹ PhD Candidate in Geomorphology, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

² Professor in Geomorphology, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22067/geoeh.2022.74930.1160

Abstract

The results of studies conducted in this regard show that the climate of the region is semi-arid and cold, and its rainfall regime is in the Mediterranean. Its geomorphology is young and its topography is directly related to geological structures, i.e., most folds and fractures make up the heights. The lithology of the formation, along with the action of tectonic processes that have led to the dissolution and creation of joints and cracks in the rocks, has provided the necessary conditions for the formation of less developed karst forms. The region's most significant karst forms are Karen, pinnacles, channels, dissolution doline and dissolution cavities, karst springs, and caves that have spread along joints, cracks, and faults and indicate the connection between these landforms and the region's tectonic structures. In this study, to find out the relationship between tectonics and karst formation, the dip and strikes of fractures (joints and faults) were measured in 7 areas. The results obtained from field studies and their comparison with the data contained in remote sensing documents show that the direction of most joints in the region is consistent with the direction of faults. It has also been found that more Karst landforms have formed along these joints. On the other hand, most of the valleys are consistent with the geological structures of the region, i.e., faults and folds. Therefore, tectonics has played an effective role in creating Karst landforms and their hazards in the region. According to the rockfall risk zoning map, 3.77% of the total area is in the high-risk zone.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

• Karst Landforms
• Tectonic Structures
• Risk Zoning
• Tamtaman Cave
• Nazlo Chai Urmia

20.1001.1.23221682.1401.11.3.10.6

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