تحلیل فضایی- زمانی جزیره حرارتی کلان‌شهر تهران با استفاده از سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه خوارزمی

2 خوارزمی تهران

چکیده

در این پژوهش ساختار فضایی – زمانی جزیره حرارتی شهر تهران بین سال‌های 1986 تا 2010 مطالعه شد. بدین منظور به کمک تصاویر چند زمانه TM (13 تصویر)، دمای سطح زمین با استفاده از الگوریتم تک باندی کین و همکارانش (2001) استخراج شد. سپس با استفاده از روش‌های آمار کلاسیک، تغییرات فضایی و زمانی دمای سطحی تهران بررسی شد. بررسی تغییرات زمانی دمای سطحی نشان داد که در طول دوره مطالعه، الگوی توزیع دمای سطحی دچار تغییر شده، مقدار مساحت دماهای متوسط و بسیار خنک شهر کاسته شده است و برعکس مفدار مساحت دماهای بسیار بالا (نواحی بسیار گرم) افزایش قابل ملاحظه‌ای یافته است. بررسی تغییرات زمانی شدت جزیره حرارتی تهران نیز نشان داد که مقدار شاخص نسبت جزیره حرارتی روند افزایشی دارد و از 11/0 برای سال 1986 به 15/0 برای سال 2010 رسیده است. با توجه به پراکنش فضایی دمای سطحی، جزیره حرارتی، کانون اصلی خود (فرودگاه مهرآباد) را حفظ کرده است و در پیرامون این کانون اصلی خوشه‌های داغ جدیدی در سمت غرب (منطقه21 و غرب منطقه 22) و جنوب غرب فرودگاه مهرآباد (بخش‌هایی از مناطق 18 و 19) ظهور یافته‌اند. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که جزیره حرارتی تهران به سمت بخش‌هایی گسترش یافته است (غرب و جنوب غرب تهران) که با کاهش شدید پوشش گیاهی و بیشترین گسترش کاربری‌های صنعتی- کارگاهی و انبارداری مواجه شده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


Akbari H. (2000). Consideration of Temperature distribution pattern of Tehran using Landsat TM thermal data. A dissertation submitted to tarbiatmodarres University for degree of MA of Remote sensing and GIS, department of human science.(In Persian with English Abstract).
Amiri K., Q. Weng., A. alimohamadi., K. alavipanah. (2009). Spatial–temporal dynamics of land surface temperature in relation to fractional vegetation cover and land use/cover in the Tabriz urban area Iran. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 113, pp. 2606-2617.
Balling R. C., S. W. Brazell. (1988). High resolution surface temperature patterns in a complex urban terrain. Photogrammetric Engineering and remote sensing, Vol. 54, No. 9, pp. 1289-1293.
Chen Q., J. Ren., Z. Li., C. Ni. (2009). Urban Heat Island Effect Research in Chengdu City Based on MODIS Data. In Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, ICBBE 2009, Beijing, China, 11–13 June, 1-5.
Dai X., Z. Guo., L. Zhang., D. Li. (2010). Spatio-temporal exploratory analysis of urban surface temperature field in Shanghai, China.Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess, Vol. 24, pp. 247–257.
Falahatkar S., S. M. Hosseini., A. R. Soffianian. (2011). The relationship between land cover changes and spatial-temporal dynamics of land surface temperature. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 4,No.2, pp. 76-81.
Gallo K.P., A. L. McNab., T. R. Karl., J. F. Brown., J. J. Hood., J. D. Tarpley. (1993). The use of NOAA AVHRR data for assessment of the urban heat island effect. Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 32, No.5, pp. 899-908.
Gallo K.P., T. W. Owen. (1998). Assessment of urban heat island: A multi-sensor perspective for the Dallas-Ft. Worth, USA region. Geocarto International, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 35-41.
Jangi A. A. (2004). The role of location and morphology of city in the air quality of city by GIS and RS (the case study: Tehran). A dissertation submitted to tarbiatmoalem University for degree of MA of Urban geography, department of geographical sciences. (In Persian with English Abstract).
Li J. (2006). Estimating land surface temperature from Landsat-5 TM. Remote Sens. Technol. Appl, Vol. 21, pp. 322-326.
Liu L., Y. Zhang. (2011). Urban heat island analysis using the landsat TM data and ASTER data.Remote sens, Vol. 3, pp. 1535- 1552.
Malekpour P., M. Taleai., Y. Rezaei. (2010). Remote sensing-based spatial-temporal analysis of urban land surface temperature related to urban development: a case study of Tehran, MRSS2010, 6th International Remote Sensing & GIS Conference and Exhibition, April 28-29, 2010, Putra World Trade Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Malekpour P., M. taleai. (2010). Consideration of land surface temperature and land use/ land cover changes by using landsat ETM (case study: Tehran). Remote sensing and GIS Iran(Tehran), Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 89-102. (In Persian with English Abstract).
Malekpour P., M. taleai. (2011). Modeling relationship land use/land cover to land surface temperature by using ASTER data. Ecology (Tehran), Vol. 58, pp. 29-42. (In Persian with English Abstract).
Mo X., C. Cheng., F. Zhai., H. Li. (2011). Study on temporal and spatial variation of the urban heat island based on Landsat TM/ETM+ in central city and Binhai New Area of Tianjin, Multimedia Technology (ICMT), 2011 International Conference on. 26-28 July 2011, pp. 4616-4622.
Musavibaighi M., B. Ashraf., A. Farid Hoseini., A. Mianabadi. (2012). consideration Urban Heat Island of Mashhad by applying satellite image and Fractal method. Geography and invironmental hazard, Vol. 1, pp. 35-49. (In Persian with English Abstract).
Namdari S. (2009). Extraction of urban heat island in urban regions by satellite images (the case study: Tehran). A dissertation submitted to shahidbeheshti University for degree of MA of remote sensing and GIS, department of geology sciences. (In Persian with English Abstract).
Qin Z., A. Karnieli., P. Berliner. (2001). A mono-window algorithm for retrieving land surface temperature from Landsat TM data and its application to the Israel-Egypt border region. Int. J. Remote Sensing, Vol. 22, No. 18, pp. 3719–3746.
Rose A.L., M. D. Devadas. (2009). Analysis of land surface temperature and land use/land cover types using remote sensing imagary a case inchennal city, india. The seventh International Conference on Urban Climate, 29 June - 3 July 2009, Yokohama, Japan.
Shakiba A., P. zieaiyan., D. Ashourlu., S. Namdari. (2009). Analysis of relationship land use/land over to urban heat island of Tehran. Remote sensing and GIS Iran(Tehran), Vol. 1, pp. 39-56. (In Persian with English Abstract).
Sobrino J. A., J. C. Jimenez-Munoz., J. El-Kharraz., M. Gomez., M. Romaguera., G. Soria. (2004). Single-channel and two-channel methods for land surface temperature retrieval from DAIS data and its application to the Barrax site.Int. J. Remote Sensing, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 215–230.
Streutker D. R. (2003). Satellite-measured growth of the urban heat island of Houston, Texas. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 85, pp. 282–289.
Sun Q., J. Tan., Y. Xu. (2010). An ERDAS image processing method for rettieving LST and describing urban heat evolution: A case study in the Pearl River Delta Region in South China. Environ Earth Sci, Vol. 59, pp. 1047-1055.
Weng Q. (2001). A remote sensing-GIS evaluation of urban expansion and its impact on surface temperature in the Zhujiang Delta. China.International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 22, No. 10, pp. 1999-2014.
Weng Q., D. Lu., B. Liang. (2006). Urban Surface Biophysical Descriptors and Land Surface Temperature Variations. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, Vol. 72, No. 11. pp. 1275–1286.
Xu H., B. Chen. (2004). Remote sensing of the urban heat island and its changes in Xiamen City of SE China. Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 16, pp. 276-281.
Xu H., F. Ding., X. Wen. (2009). Urban expansion and Heat Island Dynamics in the Quanzhou Region. China.IEEE journal of selected topics in applied earth observations and remote sensing, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 74- 79.
Xu H., Y. Chen., S. Dan., W. Qiu. (2011). Spatial and temporal analysis of urban heat island effect in Chengdu city by remote sensing. Geoinformatics, 2011 19th international conference on, shanghai, 24-26 June 2011, pp. 1-5.
Zhang J., Y. Wang., Y. Li. (2006) . A C++ program for retrieving land surface temperature from the data of Landsat TM/ETM+ band6. Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 32, pp. 1796–1805.
CAPTCHA Image