عوامل مؤثر بر رفتار سازگاری کشاورزان استان کرمانشاه تحت شرایط کم‌آبی: نقش ادراک خطر و خودکارآمدی در نظریه رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 استاد گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

5 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

چکیده

کمبود آب یکی از مخاطرات بخش کشاورزی به‌ویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک است و پیش‌بینی می‌شود وضعیت آن در آینده بدتر شود. به‌منظور به حداقل رساندن پیامدها و اثرات ناشی از کمبود آب بر بخش کشاورزی، کشورهای کم‌آب همچون ایران باید راهبردهای سازگاری مؤثری را برای مدیریت منابع آب با هدف کاهش خطر اتخاذ کنند. این امر مستلزم بررسی عوامل اثرگذار بر رفتارها و قصد سازگاری کنشگران بخش کشاورزی است؛ بنابراین تحقیق حاضر با هدف شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر رفتار سازگاری با کم‌آبی در بین کشاورزان استان کرمانشاه با استفاده از نظریه گسترش‌یافته رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده و افزودن دو متغیر ادراک خطر و خودکارآمدی به نظریه، به روش پیمایش انجام شد. جامعه‌ی آماری این پژوهش، کشاورزان گندم‌کار آبی استان کرمانشاه به تعداد 32753 نفر بودند که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای با انتساب متناسب و بر اساس جدول کرجسی و مورگان نمونه‌ای 380 نفری از آن‌ها برای تحقیق انتخاب شدند. گردآوری اطلاعات در این پژوهش از طریق پرسشنامه‌ای محقق ساخته انجام گرفت. جهت بررسی روایی ابزار پژوهش از روایی صوری و سازه استفاده گردید. همچنین پایایی ابزار تحقیق از طریق محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (848/0- 895/0) و پایایی ترکیبی برای متغیرهای تحقیق مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای SPSS26 و AMOS24 انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد، سه سازه‌ اصلی نظریه رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده شامل نگرش، هنجار ذهنی و کنترل رفتاری درک شده بر قصد رفتاری به‌صورت مثبت و معنی‌داری اثرگذار بودند. از طرف دیگر، متغیر کنترل رفتاری درک شده بر رفتار سازگاری اثرگذار بود. همچنین در نظریه رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده 56 درصد از واریانس قصد رفتاری و 53 درصد از رفتار سازگاری با کم‌آبی تبیین شد و با اضافه شدن متغیر‌های ادراک خطر و خودکارآمدی به نظریه رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده، درصد تبیین قصد رفتاری و رفتار سازگاری به ترتیب به 58 و 62 درصد افزایش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

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